Read the fine print
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What does the Pacpio project pacpio-team/read-the-fine-print do?
Twelve red flags
For each: what it is, how it looks in the text, why it matters, what to ask. Severity: high can cost real money or lock you in; medium is unusual but negotiable; low is standard but worth knowing.
- Automatic renewal with a short window. "Renews for a further year unless terminated 90 days before." Matters: you pay another full term because you missed a date. Ask: a shorter notice, a reminder in writing, renewal month to month.
- One-sided changes. "We may amend these terms at any time." Matters: the deal you read is not the deal you will have. Ask: notice of changes and a right to leave without cost when they change.
- Penalties and late fees. Fixed sums, daily percentages, "liquidated damages". Matters: small delays become big bills; check whether there is a cap. Ask: a grace period, a cap, the same penalty for their delays.
- Liability capped for them, unlimited for you. "Our liability shall not exceed the fees paid." Matters: if they cause damage, you get little; if you do, you pay all. Ask: the same cap for both sides.
- Indemnity. "You shall indemnify and hold us harmless against all claims." Matters: you pay their legal costs and damages, sometimes even for their mistakes. Ask: limit it to claims caused by you.
- Exclusivity and non-compete. "You shall not work for any competitor for 24 months." Matters: your income after the contract. Ask: shorter time, narrower area, compensation.
- Disputes far away or without a court. Arbitration, a foreign court, "you waive the right to a class action". Matters: enforcing your rights becomes expensive. Ask: your local court; check the country's consumer rules.
- Broad rights to your data or content. "A worldwide, perpetual, royalty-free licence to use your content." Matters: your photos, texts or data can be used and shared. Ask: a licence limited to running the service; deletion on leaving.
- The deposit. How much, when it comes back, what can be deducted, "at our discretion". Matters: the most common lost money. Ask: a list of allowed deductions, a return date, a joint inspection with photos.
- "At our sole discretion" near money or termination. Matters: they decide, you cannot argue. Ask: objective criteria ("if payment is more than 14 days late").
- Fees that appear later. Administration, cleaning, early termination, set-up, "reasonable costs". Matters: the price on page one is not the price. Ask: a full list of fees with amounts, in the contract.
- They can assign, you cannot. "We may transfer this agreement to any third party." Matters: you may end up with a counterparty you did not choose. Ask: notice and a right to leave if the contract is transferred.
What is usual and fine
Payment on time, a reasonable notice period on both sides, keeping the place or the goods in good condition, confidentiality that applies to both, a clear description of what is delivered. Say so when you see them; not every clause is a trap.
How to word a flag
Clause number, the exact words, one sentence why it matters for this user, one sentence what to ask. "Usual" or "unusual" instead of "legal" or "illegal". Where the law of the country decides, say "check with a lawyer or a consumer service" and why.
# Twelve red flagsFor each: what it is, how it looks in the text, why it matters, what to ask. Severity: high can cost real money or lock you in; medium is unusual but negotiable; low is standard but worth knowing.1. **Automatic renewal with a short window.** "Renews for a further year unless terminated 90 days before." Matters: you pay another full term because you missed a date. Ask: a shorter notice, a reminder in writing, renewal month to month.2. **One-sided changes.** "We may amend these terms at any time." Matters: the deal you read is not the deal you will have. Ask: notice of changes and a right to leave without cost when they change.3. **Penalties and late fees.** Fixed sums, daily percentages, "liquidated damages". Matters: small delays become big bills; check whether there is a cap. Ask: a grace period, a cap, the same penalty for their delays.4. **Liability capped for them, unlimited for you.** "Our liability shall not exceed the fees paid." Matters: if they cause damage, you get little; if you do, you pay all. Ask: the same cap for both sides.5. **Indemnity.** "You shall indemnify and hold us harmless against all claims." Matters: you pay their legal costs and damages, sometimes even for their mistakes. Ask: limit it to claims caused by you.6. **Exclusivity and non-compete.** "You shall not work for any competitor for 24 months." Matters: your income after the contract. Ask: shorter time, narrower area, compensation.7. **Disputes far away or without a court.** Arbitration, a foreign court, "you waive the right to a class action". Matters: enforcing your rights becomes expensive. Ask: your local court; check the country's consumer rules.8. **Broad rights to your data or content.** "A worldwide, perpetual, royalty-free licence to use your content." Matters: your photos, texts or data can be used and shared. Ask: a licence limited to running the service; deletion on leaving.9. **The deposit.** How much, when it comes back, what can be deducted, "at our discretion". Matters: the most common lost money. Ask: a list of allowed deductions, a return date, a joint inspection with photos.10. **"At our sole discretion" near money or termination.** Matters: they decide, you cannot argue. Ask: objective criteria ("if payment is more than 14 days late").11. **Fees that appear later.** Administration, cleaning, early termination, set-up, "reasonable costs". Matters: the price on page one is not the price. Ask: a full list of fees with amounts, in the contract.12. **They can assign, you cannot.** "We may transfer this agreement to any third party." Matters: you may end up with a counterparty you did not choose. Ask: notice and a right to leave if the contract is transferred.## What is usual and finePayment on time, a reasonable notice period on both sides, keeping the place or the goods in good condition, confidentiality that applies to both, a clear description of what is delivered. Say so when you see them; not every clause is a trap.## How to word a flagClause number, the exact words, one sentence why it matters for this user, one sentence what to ask. "Usual" or "unusual" instead of "legal" or "illegal". Where the law of the country decides, say "check with a lawyer or a consumer service" and why.